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华慧考博英语-英语中常见比较句型
比较的含义可以用形容词的变化来体现，也可以用比较句型来实现。通常，原级即形容词的原形，而形容词的比较级和最高级有规则变化（单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级，多音节前面加more或most）和不规则变化（如bad – worse-worst；little-less-least等）。下文主要介绍常见的比较句型。
一、as…as 和 (not) so…as
1. A 和B 一样……
A+ 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B +….
（注：此句中，第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句，并且从句中常省略重复的内容）
如：He worked just as hard as anyone（did）.
他同每个人一样勤奋工作。
I can carry as much paper as you can.
你能搬多少纸，我也能。
2. A和B不一样……
A+ 谓语动词（否定式）+ as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B+…
如：They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did).
他们摘的苹果不如农民多。
二、形容词/副词的比较级/最高级句型
1. A+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B +...
如：This book didn’t cost me more than that one.
这本书花费我的钱不比那本多。
2. A+ 谓语动词 + less+ （多音节形/副）比较级 + than + B+…
如：I think English is less difficult than math.
我认为英语不比数学难。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
上海的人口比北京的人口多。
3. A+ 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of ….
如：He jumped the highest of the three boys.
三个男生中他跳得最高。
Africa is the second largest continent.
非洲是第二大大陆。
4. one of the +最高级+名词（复数）——整个短语为单数含义，谓语要用单数。
如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.
最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了。
【补】① 形容词或副词的比较级前+much/a little/even/still，而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。
如：It is much colder today than yesterday.
今天比昨天冷多了。
② more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”，相当于副词，more than=over; less than=under.
如：I lived in New York for more than four months.
我在纽约生活了四个多月
三、并列比较
1. “比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越…”
如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
天越来越温暖了。
2. the+比较级…, the+比较级…，表示“越…就越…”
如：The harder you try, the greater your progress is.
你越是努力，进步就越大。
四、倍数比较
1. A + 动词 + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as + B
如：This one costs twice as much money as that one.
这个的价钱是那个的两倍。
I have three times as many as you.
我有你三倍那么多。
2. A + 动词 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B
如：This one costs twice more than that one.
这个比那个贵两倍。
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。
3. A + 动词 + 倍数 + the size/weight /amount/length/ width/height of + B
如：This one costs twice the amount of money of that one.
这个的价钱是那个的两倍 。
4. The size/height/ width/ length of A is+ 倍数+ that of B
如：The size of the earth is 49 times that of the moon. 地球的大小是月球的49倍。
5. by+倍数，表示增加多少倍
如：The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年粮食产量增加了4倍。
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